èμ??–????è????
https://www.newyorker.com/books/page-turner/the-european-obsession-with-porcelain
https://www.gardinermuseum.on.ca/collection_type/european-porcelain-of-the-eighteenth-and-early-nineteenth-centuries/
https://auctiondaily.com/news/european-porcelain-history-and-evolution/
????¤?????¤–????oo????–???￠?”¨a??±±?ˉ¨a?è????aèˉ???￥??￠??1??-???????o§?“???é?¤?o???¤??-????oo???????¤–???è??è??èˉ′????o???¤????o???…??
?????????¤–????ooè·????????—???￡????????o??-???????±±?ˉ¨?o§?“??—??·2??ˉè??????—???
????o?????¤–????ooé‰????§?¤±??????????oè?oèμ·?±±?ˉ¨???è￥??–1?oo?±±?ˉ¨??-????“·??¨????‰???ˉ?±±?ˉ¨???é???￥–??è????μ??…?o???a?§°?3￠????￡?é?”????????“?o????é?‘??ˉ??????????1′??a????????￥???é—′è°?????1′?|????—￥???????????
?–°è?aè·ˉ?????è????????è￥??–1?oo?ˉ1?“·??¨????′?????????¤??-????oo?????°????′?????ˉ??è????
??–??????????o??“·??¨?…‰??‘???è…????è′¨????????￥??????é?…?????￠?????????????è?±?o1???????oo?°??…??????o?￥￠????“????è????￡??°??§?′2??
è‘?è???‰?è???′?è?aè????°??-????????|èμ°?o????‰1?????????????1′é—′????“·??¨?????“???è?1é????¨è?”è?aé”??-è￠?è?·?…°?oo??aè????
è?·?…°?oo?°??“·??¨??|??°?????–??o??????—?é—′????oo??o?··???è?±????????????3????è′μ?—?????o·?o·èμ???￥?”?è—?è???‰1?“·??¨??
?3??????????????¤§???é??é?????è·ˉ??“?????????1670?1′?????o????°”èμ?????—??????“é—¨?????o?o????o§?‰?é??é??èˉo?“·??¨????????￥é????—??-???é?’è?±?“·??
??–è???‘???¤?oo?°?é?‘é“???¨è????–?????￥???????oo?o¤??￠?????a?“·?“???
???é2??￡???????????”?è?3?”¨600????2?è?±?￡??…μ?????￥?’??3￠?–ˉ????oo?o¤??￠???‰1??-????“·??¨???3￠?–ˉ?oo?????o???¤§èμ￠?????
????-¤???è′μ?—????é¤??…·???????o??“·??¨?????￥????13?°‘???é???????é???￠—??o?????
??°?o?20??–?oa??????é??è????¨?1|é???¤1??|?§?è′§????ˉ1?ˉ”?o???-????oo?’???°?o|?oo???è‰o??ˉ????°±????1????èμ???-???è‰o??ˉ?“???
??¤??￡?????-????oo?????ˉ????a??￥??‰é?????è‰o??ˉ?¤?èμ?????°‘?—??????–????‰è?±è′1????2????????ˉ”??’?23?μ????????oo?°‘?°‘??????????°±??′è???ˉ”??–????¤§???‰?????-????—…è??????—…è?????????2???‰?????°??????è???????°?o|?·¨?¤§?????o?-‘????ˉ”??????è￥?????a??‰??—?o???￥??—?o|60è?±é??????????￡?????????é?μ?￠“?????‰?????a??¨?‰???‘????????¤?o-é?￠????|?¤–???è????‰???o??¤§????????”???…???–??o?-‘è???????′?????”?ˉ”?????—??“??????é???????—?¤§??????￥??a?????ˉ?????-???è‰o??ˉ?ˉ”??°?o|è‰o??ˉ??′??—??°è￥??–1?oo?????￠è??????-??????????”???é???????é???“·???????¨???é?????é?????”¨??¨??§????oo???????±?é????è?3?o???°?o|???è￡…é￥°??????è???′????o??’?è°?????1????è????—??°è￥??–1?oo???é??è§??????3?????¨????‰?é|?é???1???ˉè????·?????
17??–?oa?????-????·2??–?????§?′2è?…è??2000???????“·??¨?????…1602?1′??°1682?1′?????-????°±??–?o?1600?????????¤§é?????é“?????…￥??-???????????o?o???§?′2?????¤???è…°??…??è??è???????…???è????￡è??????????????-‰?￥￠????“??????
è???¤a??¤?oo????o￠?o???è￥??–1?oo??3??￥é?“????“·??¨??°?o???ˉ???1??????????
é????ˉ?·?3￠??—èˉ′????“·??¨??ˉ????????????§???????°??…???–??o?????¨è?a????????????é￡???–??????????…￥??°??????????1′????–1è?????????“·??¨??
??·?????°?-|???è?±????°?è?¨????2?é”?????°±??ˉ??‘??°????§ˉ??????é?￡??aè?±????°?è?¨????–è???????°?-|?￥?????????–?-|?¤§?|???è???????–é?‘é????°èˉ′????“·??¨?????????è???¨???-????°′?????????????????ˉ?…3é”???-????…3é”???
è????‰?ooèˉ′????“·??¨????…3é”???ˉ????–????è???§?????–???ˉ???§???a??¨??-????‰???‰????￥??§???2??“???è￠????è—???¨??°?o????1???‰?ooèˉ′????“·??¨??????è|??··?…￥è???￡3??
17??18??–?oa?????§?′2????·2???????–?è‰o?¤??…′????ˉè’?è????¨????ˉ1?§‘?-|?1??1?é?????—??‰??￥?????–????·2?????‰?o??‰?é??è????·????oo?‰???
????ˉ1????????-????“·??¨????oo???????????ˉ???-1è???±???
????¤§?????????????￥?????—??????????èμ????è???“·??¨?????????–1?-???ˉ????3￠?–ˉ?ooé?￡é???1°??￥???????????????????1?????????3????3￠?–ˉ?oo?????????¤§èμ￠?????‰??
?￥???—???è?¨?…??￡?é‰?????ˉ?￥￥??¤?–ˉé?????é?????o?????a?1′è??????¤??‰????é?‘??ˉ????????????????‰1???????‰?18?2????￥￥??¤?–ˉé???°??…?????|???¨????a?°????é—′???èˉ′?|??????–??§?????o??-????“·?°±???è??èμ°??
??ˉ?????????‰1?????￥a?é?é?‘?????????é?é”…???a?è?a??2?????¨?¤±???è?a?”±?????…??μ????????”????o???′??′??‰?1′??????é?…?o?????§???°?–1?μ??????￥??????????“·??¨???é??–????????–????????ˉ??a?¤??‰???????è???1???a??ˉé???o?o???3è???“·???è???§????è￥???￥?????￥è?2??—???????“·??¨??
??–??o??-????“·???????-￡?§??ˉ????è????—é??é—′è°?è????¨?????????????±?è￥???ˉ??·é????
?3????è·ˉ??“????…-?′???￥?o?????a???????￡??????-?–?????????·?????a????–é?è??è?????????o·????-￡??—?3????è‘?è??é…’???è????¨?????????è?·??—?o?a???‘?’????????…3?3????é”?a????????a??￠è±???
??’????￥???è??é??????????°èˉ??o??o·????’??‰?é??????????ˉ??????—???￡????oo???‰?é????o?”??o?1643?1′????o·?????o?”??o?1654?1′????‰?é???ˉ”?o·???è??è|??¤§???11?2???
??¨?¤§??…???????????-????“·????ˉ?±??o?????????o?ˉ?????¤–????oo????…?è????¨??ˉ??·é??è???¤???è???·?????a??￥?’????????…3?3??￥???o????????′?????¨??ˉ??·é??????o??????￥??
??¨??ˉ??·é????–?”??′??o???′??′10?1′?????a?????￥??????è????¨?‰“?…￥é???·￥??…é?¨?????????o?é???·￥??‘?±???o??o??￡??’??????????????–???é?￡é???‰“????·￥?????????è????
??…???è???o?é???·￥éa—è?a?·±?????–è…èˉ′?????????????????–?”?è?3è?????????o?è???¤?è?2è?°?“·??¨???é??????-????…??±?????o?o???–??o?“·??¨????§??ˉ??????–?°??±‰èˉ-?-|??—??o?￥??…￥??–??
10?1′????????·?????aèˉ|???è?°????o??“·??¨??????????‰??‰???è??????1??°?é???2-??????“·?????·????ˉ?????o???§?′2??
??–????????”è?°?—??‰?????…??????????????-????“·???????§?????–??ˉ”????????°é??????????‰??·???¨??…·?????§???????”?è?3??…??????o?è??????…?????’??′?¤±???????￥–????§??–1??
??¨?????-?????–???é?“???
a??°????????￥?????????‘?1??‰??￥?ˉ1?-¤è??è????￠?′￠????????ˉ??o?o??￥??￥???????è???ˉ??o?o???§?′2??a?
?o???ˉ?3????è?…é????é???o?o???????‰1???????“·??¨??????????“·??¨????§??ˉ????????????????é???o???′??a??§?′2??
?????§??????§?′2????“·??¨?????…????…¨?–1????…§?????-????“·??¨?????￠??????è?±?o1???è????o??°?o??“·??¨????????-?????3?|′????”±?o??????￥é?“??ˉ??￥???è￠???“????′?葱?”??o???????????1?é????
????¤????a?è“?è‰2?′?葱a??????o??·????￠…?￡??“·??¨???é???????????‰??3???—?1?????
??…??…???è????ˉ?3?????oo???????’??°???è???????o??￥?????a??????è???’??°??·2???????…·????¤?????o??oo????????°è±?Asian eyesé?￡?‘3????o???
????????°????“·??¨??????è?a???é￡??…‰???????1?????±???—?°′?1????????o???§?′2?oo?????‰???è?a????1?????±ˉ?-???
?“·??¨è????a??°é?“?????-???è′§????1????§?é￠??…·??????é￡???…??
?￠…?￡??“·?-‰??§?′2?“·??¨????1????è?…??ˉ??·é????????è?o??ˉ??¨????“·?·￥è‰o??????è????ˉ????°”?????
??¨??-????????§?′2?“·??¨?”?è?·?o??¤§?‰1??-????2‰?????
??¨??§?′2????“·??¨???è′μ?—?????￥￠????“????èμ°?…￥?o???§?′2??-?o§é???o§???????o-????1?è?3???????????·?????±?????
è???ˉ1?“·??¨???????o§?????-?????￥èˉ′?????ˉ??????????‰￡?????2?“??
转载自互联网，版权归原作者所有，汉中陶瓷网仅在为您分享好文章，本文地址：https://www.hzfswh.cn/pcjl/24743.html
